Staying Committed to the Chinese Path of Building Strong Armed Forces and Fully Advancing the Modernization of National Defense and the Military

① We will adapt to the trend of a new global military revolution and to national security needs; we will upgrade our military capabilities, and see that, by the year 2020, mechanization is basically achieved, IT application has come a long way, and strategic capabilities have seen a big improvement.

② In step with our country’s modernization process, we will modernize our military across the board in terms of theory, organizational structure, service personnel, and weaponry. We will make it our mission to see that by 2035, the modernization of our national defense and our forces is basically completed; and that by the mid-21st century our people’s armed forces have been fully transformed into world-class forces.

③ We will launch activities with the theme of y/passing on the traditions of revolution.

④ Stepping up to the task of making the military strong. 

⑤ We will develop new combat forces and support forces.

⑥ Conduct military training under combat conditions.

⑦ Ctrengthen the application of military strength.

⑧ Speed up development of intelligent military.

⑨ Improve combat capabilities for joint operations based on network information system and the ability to fight under multi-dimensional conditions. This will enable us to effectively shape our military posture, manage crises, and deter and win wars.

⑩ We will improve our national defense mobilization system, and build a strong, well-structured, and modern border defense, coastal defense, and air defense. 

⑪ We will establish an administration for veterans.

⑫ We will protect the legitimate rights and interests of military personnel and their families.

⑬ We will carry out further reforms to build a modernized armed police force.

⑭ We must raise public awareness about the importance of national defense and strengthen unity between the government and the military and between the people and the military.

Staying Committed to the Chinese Path of Building Strong Armed Forces and Fully Advancing the Modernization of National Defense and the Military

We have reached a new historical starting point in strengthening national defense and the armed forces. Confronted with profound changes in our national security environment and responding to the demands of the day for a strong country with a strong military, we must fully implement the Party’s thinking on strengthening the military for the new era, adapt military strategy to new conditions, build a powerful and modernized army, navy, air force, rocket force, and strategic support force, develop strong and efficient joint operations commanding institutions for theater commands, and create a modern combat system with distinctive Chinese characteristics. Our armed forces must be up to shouldering the missions and tasks of the new era entrusted to them by the Party and the people.

We will adapt to the trend of a new global military revolution and to national security needs; we will upgrade our military capabilities, and see that, by the year 2020, mechanization is basically achieved, IT application has come a long way, and strategic capabilities have seen a big improvement. In step with our country’s modernization process, we will modernize our military across the board in terms of theory, organizational structure, service personnel, and weaponry. We will make it our mission to see that by 2035, the modernization of our national defense and our forces is basically completed; and that by the mid-21st century our people’s armed forces have been fully transformed into world-class forces.

We will strengthen Party building in the military. We will launch activities with the theme of y/passing on the traditions of revolution; stepping up to the task of making the military strong. We will move forward with the development of the military honors system. We will train the revolutionary officers and soldiers of a new era with faith, ability, courage, and integrity, and see that our forces forever preserve their nature, purpose, and character as the forces of the people.

We will continue to deepen national defense and military reform. We will further the reform of major policy systems, including the career officers system and the system for posting civilian personnel in the military. We will push ahead with transformation of military management, and improve and develop our distinctively Chinese socialist military institutions. We must keep it firm in our minds that technology is the core combat capability, encourage innovations in major technologies, and conduct innovations independently. We will strengthen the system for training military personnel, and make our people’s forces more innovative. We will govern the military with strict discipline in every respect, push for a fundamental transformation in the way our military is run, and strengthen the role of rule of law in enhancing national defense and military capabilities.

A military is built to fight. Our military must regard combat capability as the criterion to meet in all its work and focus on how to win when it is called on. We will take solid steps to ensure military preparedness for all strategic directions, and make progress in combat readiness in both traditional and new security fields. We will develop new combat forces and support forces, conduct military training under combat conditions, strengthen the application of military strength, speed up development of intelligent military, and improve combat capabilities for joint operations based on network information system and the ability to fight under multi-dimensional conditions. This will enable us to effectively shape our military posture, manage crises, and deter and win wars.

We should ensure that efforts to make our country prosperous and efforts to make our military strong go hand in hand. We will strengthen unified leadership, top-level design, reform, and innovation. We will speed up implementation of major projects, deepen reform of defense-related science, technology, and industry, achieve greater military-civilian integration, and build integrated national strategies and strategic capabilities. We will improve our national defense mobilization system, and build a strong, well-structured, and modern border defense, coastal defense, and air defense. We will establish an administration for veterans; we will protect the legitimate rights and interests of military personnel and their families; and we will make military service an occupation that enjoys public respect. We will carry out further reforms to build a modernized armed police force.

1.What is the theme of the Congress?

Remain true to our original aspiration and keep our mission firmly in mind, hold high the banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, secure a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, strive for the great success of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era, and work tirelessly to realize the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation.

2. What is the original aspiration and the mission of Chinese Communists?

The original aspiration and the mission of Chinese Communists is to seek happiness for the Chinese people and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation.

3. What is the situation that China faces at home and abroad?

Both China and the world are in the midst of profound and complex changes. China is still in an important period of strategic opportunity for development; the prospects are bright but the challenges are severe. 

4. What is the historic achievement of reform and opening up and socialist modernization in the past five years?

① We have made major achievements in economic development.

② We have made major breakthroughs in deepening reform.

③ We have taken major steps in developing democracy and the rule of law.

④ We have made significant advances on the theoretical and cultural fronts.

⑤ We have steadily improved living standards.

⑥ We have made notable progress in building an ecological civilization.

⑦ We have initiated a new stage in strengthening and revitalizing the armed forces.

⑧ We have made new progress in work related to Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan.

⑨ We have made further progress in China’s diplomacy on all fronts.

⑩ We have achieved remarkable outcomes in ensuring full and strict governance over the Party.

5. What are measures in strengthening and revitalizing the armed forces?

With a view to realizing the Chinese Dream and the dream of building a powerful military, we have developed a strategy for the military under new circumstances, and have made every effort to modernize national defense and the armed forces. We convened the Gutian military political work meeting to revive and pass on the proud traditions and fine conduct of our Party and our armed forces, and have seen a strong improvement in the political integrity of the people’s armed forces. Historic breakthroughs have been made in reforming national defense and the armed forces: a new military structure has been established with the Central Military Commission exercising overall leadership, the theater commands responsible for military operations, and the services focusing on developing capabilities. This represents a revolutionary restructuring of the organization and the services of the people’s armed forces. We have strengthened military training and war preparedness, and undertaken major missions related to the protection of maritime rights, countering terrorism, maintaining stability, disaster rescue and relief, international peacekeeping, escort services in the Gulf of Aden, and humanitarian assistance. We have stepped up weapons and equipment development, and made major progress in enhancing military preparedness. The people’s armed forces have taken solid strides on the path of building a powerful military with Chinese characteristics.

6.“Four power” “Four face”

Since that time, the Party has united and led all the Chinese people in a tireless struggle, propelling China into a leading position in terms of economic and technological strength, defense capabilities, and composite national strength. China’s international standing has risen as never before. Our Party, our country, our people, our forces, and our nation have changed in ways without precedent. The Chinese nation, with an entirely new posture, now stands tall and firm in the East.

7. What is the great historical judgment of the new era?

With decades of hard work, socialism with Chinese characteristics has crossed the threshold into a new era. This is a new historic juncture in China’s development.

8. What does the socialism with Chinese characteristics entering a new era means?

① The Chinese nation, which since modern times began had endured so much for so long, has achieved a tremendous transformation—it has stood up, grown rich, and become strong; and it now embraces the brilliant prospects of rejuvenation.

② It means that scientific socialism is full of vitality in 21st century China, and that the banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics is now flying high and proud for all to see.

③ It means that the path, the theory, the system, and the culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics have kept developing, blazing a new trail for other developing countries to achieve modernization. It offers a new option for other countries and nations who want to speed up their development while preserving their independence; and it offers Chinese wisdom and a Chinese approach to solving the problems facing mankind.

9. What are the major social contradictions of socialism with Chinese characteristics?

As socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, the principal contradiction facing Chinese society has evolved. What we now face is the contradiction between unbalanced and inadequate development and the people’s ever-growing needs for a better life.

10. What has not changed as the principal contradiction changes? 

We must recognize that the evolution of the principal contradiction facing Chinese society does not change our assessment of the present stage of socialism in China. The basic dimension of the Chinese context—that our country is still and will long remain in the primary stage of socialism—has not changed.

11. What is the significant meaning that Chinese socialism’s entrance into a new era?

In the history of the development of the People’s Republic of China and the history of the development of the Chinese nation, of tremendous importance. In the history of the development of international socialism and the history of the development of human society it is of tremendous importance. Our entire Party should develop unshakeable confidence, work hard and work well to see socialism with Chinese characteristics display even stronger vitality.

12. What is the the Historic Mission ofthe Communist Party of China?

At its founding, the Communist Party of China made realizing Communism its highest ideal and its ultimate goal, and shouldered the historic mission of national rejuvenation.

13. Why should the Party must be prepared to work even harder toward this goal?

As the Chinese saying goes, the last leg of a journey just marks the halfway point. Achieving national rejuvenation will be no walk in the park; it will take more than drum beating and gong clanging to get there. Every one of us in the Party must be prepared to work even harder toward this goal.

14. What is the connotation relationship of “ four decisive victory”?

① Realizing our great dream demands a great struggle. Realizing our great dream demands a great cause. 

② This great struggle, great project, great cause, and great dream are closely connected, flow seamlessly into each other, and are mutually reinforcing.

③ All work to advance this project must go hand in hand with that geared toward the struggle, the cause, and the dream. We must see that as history progresses and the world undergoes profound changes, the Party remains always ahead of the times; that as history progresses and we respond to risks and tests at home and abroad, the Party remains always the backbone of the nation; and that as history progresses and we continue to uphold and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics, the Party remains always a powerful leadership core.

15. How the Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era forms?

In answering this question, our Party has been guided by Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Theory of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development. It has continued to free our minds, seek truth from facts, move with the times, and apply a realistic and pragmatic approach. In answering this question, our Party has continued to uphold dialectical and historical materialism; has considered carefully the new conditions of the era and the new requirements of practice; and has adopted an entirely new perspective to deepen its understanding of the laws that underlie governance by the Communist Party, the development of socialism, and the evolution of human society. It has worked hard to undertake theoretical explorations, and has achieved major theoretical innovations, ultimately giving shape to the Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.

16. What is the connotation of the Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era?

① The Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era makes certain things clear: It makes clear that the overarching goal of upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics is to realize socialist modernization and national rejuvenation, and, that on the basis of finishing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects, a two-step approach should be taken to build China into a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious, and beautiful by the middle of the century.

② It makes clear that the principal contradiction facing Chinese society in the new era is that between unbalanced and inadequate development and the people’s ever-growing needs for a better life. We must therefore continue commitment to our people-centered philosophy of development, and work to promote well-rounded human development and common prosperity for everyone.

③ It makes clear that the overall plan for building socialism with Chinese characteristics is the five-sphere integrated plan, and the overall strategy is the four-pronged comprehensive strategy. It highlights the importance of fostering stronger confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics. 

④ It makes clear that the overall goal of deepening reform in every field is to improve and develop the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics and modernize China’s system and capacity for governance. 

⑤ It makes clear that the overall goal of comprehensively advancing law-based governance is to establish a system of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics and build a country of socialist rule of law.

⑥ It makes clear that the Party’s goal of building a strong military in the new era is to build the people’s forces into world-class forces that obey the Party’s command.

17. What is the important meaning of the Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era?

The Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era builds on and further enriches Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Theory of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development. It represents the latest achievement in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and encapsulates the practical experience and collective wisdom of our Party and the people. It is an important component of the system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and a guide to action for all our members and all the Chinese people as we strive to achieve national rejuvenation. This Thought must be adhered to and steadily developed on a long-term basis.

18. What is the besic policy that upholds and develops socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era?

① Ensuring Party leadership over all work.

② Committing to a people-centered approach.

③ Continuing to comprehensively deepen reform.

④ Adopting a new vision for development.

⑤ Seeing that the people run the country.

⑥ Ensuring every dimension of governance is law-based.

⑦ Upholding core socialist values.

⑧ Ensuring and improving living standards through development.

⑨ Ensuring harmony between human and nature.

⑩ Pursuing a holistic approach to national security.

⑪ Upholding absolute Party leadership over the people’s forces.

⑫ Upholding the principle of “one country, two systems” and promoting national reunification.

⑬ Promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.

⑭ Exercising full and rigorous governance over the Party.

19.“Three basic”?

All our members must fully implement the Party’s basic theory, line, and policy so as to better steer the development of the Party and people’s cause.

20.What is “two stage” in the first stage from 2020 to 2035?

In the first stage from 2020 to 2035, we will build on the foundation created by the moderately prosperous society with a further 15 years of hard work to see that socialist modernization is basically realized. In the second stage from 2035 to the middle of the 21st century, we will, building on having basically achieved modernization, work hard for a further 15 years and develop China into a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious, and beautiful.

21.Applying a New Vision of Development and Developing a Modernized Economy

① Furthering supply-side structural reform.

② Making China a country of innovators.

③ Pursuing a rural vitalization strategy.

④ Implementing the coordinated regional development strategy.

⑤ Accelerating efforts to improve the socialist market economy.

⑥ Making new ground in pursuing opening up on all fronts.

22. How to build stronger cultural confidence and helping socialist culture to flourish?

① Holding firmly the leading position in ideological work.

② Cultivating and observing core socialist values

③ Raising intellectual and moral standards

④ Seeing socialist literature and art thrive

⑤ Promoting the development of culhiral programs and industries

23. How to grow better at ensuring and improve people’s wellbeing and strengthen and develop new approaches to social governance?

① Giving priority to developing education

② Improving the quality of employment and raising incomes

③ Strengthening the social security system

④ Winning the battle against poverty

⑤ Carrying out the Healthy China initiative

⑥ Establishing a social governance model based on collaboration, participation, and common interests

⑦ Effectively safeguarding national security.

24 Speeding up Reform of the System for Developing an Ecological Civilization, and Building a Beautiful China

① Promoting green development

② Solving prominent environmental problems

③ Intensifying the protection of ecosystems

④ Reforming the environmental regulation system

25. Staying Committed to the Chinese Path of Building Strong Armed Forces and Fully Advancing the Modernization of National Defense and the Military

① We will adapt to the trend of a new global military revolution and to national security needs; we will upgrade our military capabilities, and see that, by the year 2020, mechanization is basically achieved, IT application has come a long way, and strategic capabilities have seen a big improvement. In step with our country’s modernization process, we will modernize our military across the board in terms of theory, organizational structure, service personnel, and weaponry. We will make it our mission to see that by 2035, the modernization of our national defense and our forces is basically completed; and that by the mid-21st century our people’s armed forces have been fully transformed into world-class forces.

② In step with our country’s modernization process, we will modernize our military across the board in terms of theory, organizational structure, service personnel, and weaponry. We will make it our mission to see that by 2035, the modernization of our national defense and our forces is basically completed; and that by the mid-21st century our people’s armed forces have been fully transformed into world-class forces.

③ We will launch activities with the theme of y/passing on the traditions of revolution.

④ Stepping up to the task of making the military strong.

⑤ We will develop new combat forces and support forces

⑥ Conduct military training under combat conditions.

⑦ Strengthen the application of military strength.

⑧ Speed up development of intelligent military.

⑨ Improve combat capabilities for joint operations based on network information system and the ability to fight under multi-dimensional conditions. This will enable us to effectively shape our military posture, manage crises, and deter and win wars.

⑩ We will improve our national defense mobilization system, and build a strong, well-structured, and modern border defense, coastal defense, and air defense. 

⑪ We will establish an administration for veterans.

⑫ We will make military service an occupation that enjoys public respect. 

⑬ We will carry out further reforms to build a modernized armed police force.

⑭ We must raise public awareness about the importance of national defense and strengthen unity between the government and the military and between the people and the military.

26. We stand firm in safeguarding China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity.

We stand firm in safeguarding China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity, and will never allow the historical tragedy of national division to repeat itself. Any separatist activity is certain to meet with the resolute opposition of the Chinese people. We have the resolve, the confidence, and the ability to defeat separatist attempts for “Taiwan independence” in any form. We will never allow anyone, any organization, or any political party, at any time or in any form, to separate any part of Chinese territory from China.

27. What are the general requirements for Party building for the new era?

Uphold and strengthen overall Party leadership and ensure that the Party exercises effective self-supervision and practices strict self-governance in every respect; Take strengthening the Party’s long-term governance capacity and its advanced nature and purity as the main thrust; take enhancing the Party’s political building as the overarching principle; take holding dear the Party’s ideals, convictions, and purpose as the underpinning; and take harnessing the whole Party’s enthusiasm, initiative, and creativity as the focus of efforts;   Make all-round efforts to see the Party’s political building enhanced, its theory strengthened, its organizations consolidated, its conduct improved, and its discipline enforced, with institution building incorporated into every aspect of Party building; Step up efforts to combat corruption and continue to improve the efficacy of Party building; Build the Party into a vibrant Marxist governing party that is always at the forefront of the times, enjoys the wholehearted support of the people, has the courage to reform itself, and is able to withstand all tests.

28. What is the theme of the Party Education?

We will launch a campaign on the theme of staying true to our founding mission, to enable all Party members, especially officials at and above the county and director level, to arm themselves with the Party’s new theories and become more purposeful in working tirelessly to accomplish the Party’s historic mission in the new era.

29. What is the criteria to select young officials?

Select officials on the basis of both integrity and ability, with priority given to integrity, and on the basis of merit regardless of background; and ensure that those who are dedicated, impartial, and upright should be appointed. We must implement in earnest the criteria for evaluating good officials. In selecting and appointing officials, we must adopt the right approach, with emphasis on political performance.

30.How to find and develop young officials?

We will work harder to identify promising young officials and get them well prepared for future jobs. We will focus on their practical training in local communities, in work on the frontline, and in areas where conditions are harsh, and work to produce a constant stream of outstanding young officials who have passed the test of practice. 

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